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The United Nations is an international organization founded in 1945 after the Second World War by 51 countries committed to maintaining international peace and security, developing friendly relations among nations and promoting social progress, better living standards, and human rights.

The UN is based on the principle of sovereign equality of all its members. Each country, big or small, rich or poor, has an equal voice in the General Assembly. The UN Charter, the organization's founding treaty, sets out the purposes and principles of the UN and establishes six main organs: the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Council, the International Court of Justice, and the Secretariat.

The General Assembly is the main deliberative, policymaking and representative organ of the UN. All 193 Member States are represented in the Assembly. Each year, in September, all the Members meet in the General Assembly Hall in New York for the General Assembly session.

The Security Council has primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security. It has 15 Members, and each Member has one vote. Under the Charter, all Member States are obligated to comply with Council decisions.

The Economic and Social Council is responsible for promoting international economic and social cooperation and development. It has 54 Members, elected by the General Assembly for three-year terms.

The Trusteeship Council was established to ensure that trust territories were administered in the best interests of their inhabitants and of international peace and security. By 1994, all Trust Territories had attained self-government or independence, so the Council suspended its operation.

The International Court of Justice settles legal disputes between countries and gives advisory opinions on legal questions referred by authorized UN organs and specialized agencies.

The Secretariat carries out the day-to-day work of the Organization. It services the other five main organs and administers the programs and policies laid out by them. The Secretary-General is the chief administrative officer of the UN, appointed by the General Assembly on the recommendation of the Security Council.

The UN's work is divided into six main sectors: peace and security, human rights, humanitarian action, development, health, and climate/earth. The UN can take action on any global issue that interests its Member States and that falls within the UN Charter's concerns.

The UN works to maintain peace and security through peacekeeping missions and political mediation. It promotes human rights, the rule of law, and democracy around the world. It provides humanitarian aid in emergencies and works to eradicate poverty and improve the standard of living in developing countries. It also works to advance global health initiatives and protect the environment.

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